Transcribed into ASCII courtesy of Vittorio Volpi.
1930 Jan 28 General Primo de Rivera resigns 1931 Feb General Berenguer replaced by Admiral Aznar Apr 12 Municipal elections, monarchists defeated in major towns Apr 14 Alfonso xiii leaves, Republic proclaimed May 7 Segura’s pastoral attacking Republic May 10 Madrid disturbance and church burning Jan 16 Army reform legislation by Azaña Jul 27 CNT strike in Seville crushed with artillery Oct Legislation on church. catholic Republicans resign and Azaña becomes prime minister Oct 20 Law for the Defense of the Republic Nov 19 Ex-King Alfonso condemned in absentia 1932 Jan 1 Civil guards killed by peasants of Castilblanco Jan Anarchist risign in Catalonia and CNT strikes. Jesuits dissolved and divorce law introduced Apr Cardinal Goma appointed archbishop of Toledo Aug 10 Sanjurio’s pronunciamiento in Seville and monarchist risign in Madrid fail Sep Catalan statute of self-government and agrarian reform legislation 1933 Jan 8 Casas Viejas massacre Apr Azaña’s government fails in municipal elections Sep Azaña defeated. Cortes dissolved Oct José Antonio Primo de Rivera founds Falange Nov 5 Vote in Basque country on statute of self- government. Navarre votes to stay out of Basque federation Nov 19 Right wins general elections. Lerroux prime minister Dec Anarchist rising in Catalonia and Aragon 1934 Feb Falange and JONS merge Mar General strike in Saragossa Mar 31 Mussolini promises arms to Carlists Apr 22 Gil Robles’ CEDA organizes mass rally in Escorial Jun Agrarian strike in Andalucia and Estremadura Sep 9 Covadonga rally by CEDA Oct 1 Three CEDA ministers join new Lerroux government Oct 6 Rising in Catalonia and Madrid easily suppressed. Rising in Asturias becomes regional civil war 1935 Apr 1 Gil Robles and four other CEDA ministers in new government led by Lerroux Oct 29 Straperla scandal brings down Lerroux. Alcalà Zamora refuses to call on Gil Robles. Military plotting Dec Chapaprieta government collapses. Alcalà Zamora appoints Portela Valladares 1936 Jan 7 Cortes dissolved Jan 15 Popular Front electoral platform agreed Feb 26 Catalan Generalidad re-established under Companys Mar Falange attacks on Socialist leaders Mar 15 Falange banned, José Antonio arrested Mar Army warns government about disorders Hitler reoccupies Rhineland Apr 1 Communist and Socialist Youth merged Apr 10 Azaña elected president Capture of Addis Ababa by Italians May 12 Casares Quiroga appointed prime minister Mar 13 Elections of Popular Front government in France. Blum to be prime minister Jun Building strike in Madrid. Agrarian strikes in southern Andalucia Jun 16 Calvo Sotelo speech on disorder in Cortes Jul 13 Killing of Calvo Sotelo Jul 17 Rising starts in Morocco Jul 18 Rising starts in mainland. Casares Quiroga resigns Jul 19 Rising crushed in Madrid and Barcelona. Martinis Barrio resigns. Giral premier. Orders arming of workers Jul 20 Giral appeals to Blum for weapons. Franco sends emissaries to Hitler. general Sanjurio killed in air crash on leaving Portugal for Burgos Jul 27 Airlift from Morocco begins with German and Italian planes Aug 8 French stop arms sales to Republican government. Start of nonintervention policy Aug 14 Yangüe’s colonial troops capture Badajoz Aug 24 Non-intervention policy accepted in theory by German, Portugal and Italy Aug 27 Rosenberg and other Russian officials arrive Sep 3 Army of Africa captures Talavera de la Reina Sep 4 Largo Caballero forms government Sep 5 Beorlegui’s troops capture Irún Sep 6 Italian air force units arrive in Mallorca Sep 7 Aguirre forms Basque government Sep 9 Non-Intervention Cammittee (NIC) formed in London Sep 13 San Sebastián occupied by Nationalists Sep 26 Generalidad government formed Sep 27 Capture of Toledo and relief of Alcázar by Varela’s troops Oct 1 Franco installed ad head of government and generalissimo at Burgos. Cortes passes Basque statute Oct 7 Uribe’s Agrarian decree on collectives and expropriation Oct 10 Popular Army decree Oct 15 Commissar system established in army Oct 25 Spanish gold reserves reach USSR Oct 28 Maisky declares to NIC that USSR will not be bound by policy Oct 29 Russian aircraft and tanks appear; German and Italian bombers start raids on Madrid Nov 4 Getafe falls, and Russian fighters appear over Madrid sector Nov 6 Cabinet decides to leave for Madrid. Miaja’s junta established Nov 8 Varela’s assault on north-west flank of Madrid held. XI International Brigade arrives Nov 9 Varela switches attack to Carabanchel sector Nov German forces reinforced and reconstituted into the Condor Legion Nov 18 Germany and Italy recognize Burgos administration. Major attack on Madrid Nov 20 Durruti dies from wound. José Antonio executed in Alicante Nov 23 nationalist commanders call off assault on madrid Dec 13 nationalists launch offensive on Corunna Road Dec 23 Council of Aragon recognized by Valencia government Dec 25 German-Japanese anti-Comintern pact Dec 31 Anglo-Italian ‘gentleman’s agreement’ 1937 Jan 3 Nationalists re-start Corunna road offensive, which continues until Jan 15 Jan 17 Nationalist offensive on Malaga begins Feb 6 Nationalists begin Jarama offensive. Continues until Feb 28 Feb 8 Fall of Málaga Feb 21 Gen. Asensio Torrado sacked. largo Caballero asks for recall of Russian ambassador Rosenberg Mar 8 Italian CTV starts Guadalajara offensive Mar 18 Battle of Brihuega. Italian retreat Mar 31 Mola’s offensive in North begins Apr 19 Franco merges Falange and Carlists into FET. NIC naval patrol and border watch established Apr 22 Bilbao blockade broken Apr 23 Dissolution of Madrid council of defense Apr 26 Destruction of by Condor Legion May 2-6 May events in Barcelona May 15 Fall of Caballero government May 17 Negrín cabinet formed Neville Chamberlain becomes prime minister in UK May 29 Deutschland incident May 30 Republican offensive on Segovia Jun 3 Mola killed in air crash Jun 16 POUM leaders arrested Jun 19 Fall of Bilbao to Nationalists Jun 23 Germany and Italy withdraw from NIC naval patrol Jun 30 Portugal ends frontier control Jul 1 Collective letter from Spanish bishops Jul 6 Start of Republican’s Brunete offensive. Continues until Jul 24 Jul 12 France ends NIC frontier control Aug 11 Council of Aragon dissolved by decree. Lister’s II Division crushes agricultural collectives Aug Italian submarine offensive Aug 15 Prieto constitutes SIM Aug 24 Santander surrounded. Republican offensive on Saragossa begins. Battle of Belchite Oct 1 Split in UGT. Caballero ousted Oct 7 Papal Nuncio appointed to Burgos junta Oct 20 Nationalists capture Gijón Oct 31 Republican government moved from Valencia to Barcelona Nov 6 Italy joins anti-Comintern pact Nov 16 British agent appointed to Burgos administration Dec 15 Teruel offensive launched by Republic as diversion to nationalist offensive planned on Guadalajara Dec 29 nationalist counter-attack 1938 Jan 30 Nationalist decree confirming Franco’s powers. Burgos government constituted Feb 22 Nationalists recapture Teruel after flank offensive on Alfambra Feb 25 Halifax becomes British Foreign secretary after Eden resigns Mar 9 nationalist offensive in Aragon begins. nationalist ‘Labour Charter’ Mar 10 Anschluß. Hitler marches into Austria Mar 12 Blum prime minister again. French frontier opened to war materials Mar 16 Intense Italian bombing raids on Barcelona. Communist demonstration to bring down Prieto Apr 6 Prieto’s resignation obtained by Negrín Apr 15 Nationalists reach Mediterranean at Vinaroz Apr 16 Anglo-Italian agreement signed Apr 30 Negrín 13 Points announced May Nationalists extend gains on southern side of corridor to sea Jun 13 Daladier closes French frontier on British pressure Jul 5 Nationalist offensive towards Valencia. Withdrawal of volunteers agreed in principle by NIC Jul 25 Popular Army crosses Ebro and advances on Gandesa Jul 26 Republic accepts British withdrawal of volunteers proposals Aug 16 Republican cabinet crisis with resignations of Ayguadé and Irujo. Negrín and communists organize show of strength in Barcelona Sep 21 Negrín’s speech to League of nations announcing withdrawal of International Brigades Sep 30 Munich agreement Oct 11 POUM trial until Nov 1 Nov 8 Republican army withdrawal across Ebro until Nov 15 Nov 15 Farewell parade to International Brigades in Barcelona Nov 16 Anglo-Italian Agreement comes into force Dec 23 Nationalist assault on Catalonia begins 1939 Jan 3 Decisive nationalist breakthroughs in southern Catalonia Jan 15 Tarragona falls Jan 26 nationalist troops occupy Barcelona Feb 1 Last meeting of Cortes at Figueras Feb 5 Genoa falls to Nationalists. French government allows Republican troops to cross frontier Feb 16 Negrín meets Republican military leaders at Los Llanos Feb 21 Nationalist Spain signs anti-Comintern pact secretly (announced publicly Mar 27) Feb 27 Britain and France recognize Burgos government Feb 28 Azaña resigns presidency Mar 2 Casado and Matallana summoned by Negrín to Elda Mar 3 Negrín’s appointments of communist officers to all key posts Mar 5 Republican fleet leaves port. Valencia resists Lister. Casado’s national Defence Council established in Madrid Mar 10 Mera’s troops surround communists in Madrid Mar 28 Nationalist troops enter Madrid Mar 31 Nationalist troops occupy final objectives. Non-aggression pact signed with Salazar regime in Portugal. Five-year treaty of friendship signed with Germany